Why Microbiologists Study Termites

Why Microbiologists Study Termites


Although termites are famous for their ability to eat wood, causing damage to wooden structures and recycling cellulose in the soil, they are unable to digest the wood that they eat to break down the cellulose, termites enlist the help of microbes Some termites, for example, dig tunnels in the wood, then inoculate the tunnels with fungi that grow on the wood.

These termites then eat the fungi. not the wood itself. What microbiologists find more interesting are the termites that contain within their digestive tracts, symbiotic microorganisms that digest the cellulose that the termites chew and swallow.

Even more fascinating to microbiologists is the fact that these microorganisms themselves can survive only because of even smaller symbionts that live on and within them, without which they would not even be able to move.

 By studying how a single termite survives, microbiologists have begun to gain an entirely new understanding of symbiosis,

The termite's dependence on nitrogen fixing bacteria to supply its nitrogen and on protozoans such as Trichonympha sphaeflca to digest cellulose is an example of endosymbiosis, a symbiotic rela tionship with an organism that lives inside the body of the host organism (in this case, within the hindgut of the termite).

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