Gonads

Gonads

(a) Testes. A heterocrine gland. The endocrine portion is represented by the Leydig’s

cells (Interstitial cells) present between the seminiferous tubules.

Location: Situated in Scrotum

Hormones: Testosterone and other androgens.

Functions:

1. Growth of the reproductive system to full size and to functional state.

2. Stimulates sperm formation.

3. Formation of sexual characters of female.

Hyposecretion: 

Eunuchoidism (Inadequate formation of reproductive system, incapability of sperm formation).

(b) Ovaries

Location: In the abdominal cavity.

Hormones:

(i) Oestrogen from follicular cells.

Function: Growth of female reproductive system to full size, formation of secondary sexual characters of female.

(ii) Progesterone (secreted by corpus luteum).

Function:

(a) Suspends the ovulation.

(b) Formation of placenta

.

(iii) Relaxin (produced by corpus luteum at the end of pregnancy)

Function: Controls the development of foetus, Relaxation of cervix, and ligaments

of pelvic girdle to facilitate the birth.

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